Advances in Engineering Research. Volume 40 first presents the characteristics of the laser-plasma extreme ultraviolet radiation from solid rare gas targets composed of Xe, Kr and Ar, along with the performances of the radiation sources developed using these targets. Following this, the authors consider the most important issues related to creating a universal system of adaptive applications for use in the Internet of Things and Internet of People systems. Previous techniques and recent advances in circuit techniques are reviewed, and a comparison of the reported techniques in the context of low-pass continuous-time Delta-Sigma modulators is presented. A comprehensive overview of the properties of aggregates used on roads is provided, particularly focusing on their influence on the mechanical and skid resistance of road surfaces. An analytical approach that allows for a rough prediction of the of the acoustic parameters of road surface is also presented. The attenuation depends on frequency, propagation distance, angle of incidence and geometric configuration of sources and sensors. Due to computation complexity, the VLSI implementation of Inter-Prediction in the H.264/Advanced Video Coding imposes latency, memory bandwidth, and area cost challenges. To tackle these obstacles, the authors discuss a design methodology which exploits the relationship between the main processes in inter-prediction to enhance the performance while keeping an affordable design cost. The penultimate study focuses on the way we can interpret linguistic algebra to understand and reverse translation formulas' linguistic algebra into natural language text as a verbal expression of meaning. This will improve the performance of any computer system when working with text. Recent computational tools of vector fields, including vector data representations, predictive models of spatial data, as well as applications in computer vision, signal processing and empirical sciences are reviewed in closing.