This book is a collection that bears witness to the large interest in the subject of mathematical epidemiology. The materials presented describe, thoroughly analyse and interpret the dynamics of some infectious diseases of global concern such as Influenza, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. The contribution and chosen approach are described in a way that is suitable to those who have some acquaintance with calculus and ordinary differential equations. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students, public health officials as well as researchers working at the interface between mathematics and biology, will find this book useful.