This book presents current knowledge regarding relationship between conscious and unconscious processes in the human mind and dissociation between them, in a close relationship with modern neuroscientific research. Following the framework of traditional psychological and psychiatric terms proposed by Janet and developed also by Freud and Jung, the author shows new connections between modern theoretical neuroscience and psychological concept of dissociated mind. As main argument for this synthesis the author uses modern chaos theory that provides conceptual framework for self-organisation that connect mind and brain. In this context the author also deals with the problem of consciousness and other interesting connections and mysteries of the human mind such as dreaming, hypnosis or pain experience.