This continuing series gathers and presents original research results on the leading edge of medicine and biology. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial topical data across a broad spectrum. Topics discussed in this compilation include the management of facial hemangiomas by pediatric surgical laser therapy; pain sensor molecules of the primary afferent nerves and their nociceptive modalities; natural polymeric materials in pharmaceutical formulations; microelectrode arrays in mast cell electrophysiology; fructose synthesis and health implications; medical tourism in the context of the globalisation of health services; objective measurement and monitoring of pain; homeopathy services in the National Health Service and other developed countries; axis orientation on visual performance in astigmatic eyes; and pulmonary hypertension and dialysis.