Being a precursor to many industrial chemicals, aniline's main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane. Like most volatile amines, it possesses the somewhat unpleasant odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds. In this book, the authors discuss the structural and physical properties, reactions and environmental effects of aniline. Topics include the green catalytic process for the synthesis of aromatic amines from hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds; aniline-based polybenzoxazine and their copolymers or composites; one-step C-H amination offers a new synthetic strategy towards the clean and effective production of aniline; synthesis and structures of gossypol mono-aldehyde derivatives with o-substituted anilines; and oxidative polymerization of diphenylamine-2-carbonic acid.