The Panel on Business Challenges within the Defense Industry conducted hearings, held roundtable discussions with industry, and reviewed many studies and publications that have examined the Defense Industrial Base (DIB) in order to gain insight into the complexity of the industrial base and the wide variety of factors influencing business behaviour and the shaping of the DIB. These efforts highlighted that the DIB is unique in that the Department of Defense (DOD) plays a role as both the customer and regulator of the DIB. This book provides several recommendations that the Panel believes will improve the defence business environment, reduce barriers to entry, spur innovation, increase competition, and aid in getting critical technology into the hands of the Warfighter.