In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the sedimentology, geographical distribution and economic importance of carbonates. Topics discussed in this compilation include the alternative procedures for the synthesis of linear carbonates from alcohol and carbon dioxide; functional polymers based on carbonates obtained from CO2; an experiment using soil micromorphology and image analysis for physical redistribution of calcium carbonate in soil pore systems; and the types of petroleum reservoirs in carbonate sediments of the Russian Basin.