Since 1960, the U.S. Department of Agriculture has provided estimates of expenditures on children from birth through age 17. This book presents the most recent estimates for husband-wife and single-parent families using data from the 2005-06 Consumer Expenditure Survey, updated to 2012 dollars using the Consumer Price Index. Data and methods used in calculating annual child-rearing expenses are described. Estimates are provided for major components of the budget by age of child, family income, and region of residence. For the overall United States, annual child-rearing expense estimates ranged between $12,290 and $14,320 for a child in a two-child, married-couple family in the middle-income group. Adjustment factors for number of children in the household are also provided. Results provided should be of use in developing State child support and foster care guidelines, as well as in family educational programs.