This edited volume includes six chapters detailing recent advancements in health and disease. Chapter One describes the set-up and characteristics of various endoscopic submucosal dissection devices. Chapter Two explains neural plasticity, or the brain's ability to rewire itself, and how it relates to the treatment and progression of various neurological conditions. Chapter Three discusses a range of medical interventions where progesterone has been found useful, highlighting its exceptional role in supporting pregnancy to full term. Chapter Four details the characteristics, classification, pharmacokinetics, drug interaction, clinical uses and adverse effects of anticoagulants. Chapter Five analyses how emergency medical services responded to the global pandemic of 2020. Lastly, Chapter Six summarises published results on the influence of low birth weight, prematurity, and nutritional status during childhood on the tooth eruption of deciduous and permanent teeth.