Was there scope for action by the churches and their representatives during the National Socialist period? How were these used? And where were adjustments made without coercion? Using the example of the Evangelical Church in Bavaria, the articles are dedicated to the theological attitudes of church protagonists, bishops' actions and the helpers and accomplices in the networks of church leadership and compare different variants of action in individual church communities. This creates an overall picture of the freedom and limits of church behavior during the Nazi era. The volume then turns to how the church deals with its own role in National Socialism and reconstructs the history of church memory since the end of the war.