This book presents original results on the leading edge of cancer research. Chapter One reviews microRNAs as a novel diagnostic and predictive biomarker in human cancer. Chapter Two provides an overview of the miR-10b functions, exploring its utility as a bio-marker and a potential drug target. Chapter Three discusses the deregulated expression and function of S100 proteins in cancer cells. Chapter Four studies the current management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and future directions in clinical research. Chapter Five examines the human papillomavirus vaccine.