Climate model projections available for North Africa indicate a clear increase in temperature over the next 20 years that is expected to continue throughout the 21st century. Model simulations also suggest a drying trend in the region, particularly along the Mediterranean coast, driven by large decreases expected in summertime precipitation. Because coastal areas historically receive by far the largest amount of rainfall in North Africa, future decreases will likely have a significant and noticeable impact. This book identifies and summarises the latest research related to the effects of climate change on selected countries in North Africa.