Iodine is an important trace element and an essential substrate for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, hypterthyroidism, mental retardation and impaired growth. In this new book, the authors present topical research in the study of the characteristics, sources and health implications of iodine. Discussed in this compilation are the potential mechanism of iodine and iodine transporters in thyroid cancer; iodine supplementation and exposure during pregnancy and lactation; semiconductor-photocatalysed iodine generation; severe iodine deficiency disorders; and the role of cardiac imaging using iodine media in the detection of arrhythmogenic heart disease.