Due to their strong hardness, abrasives are suitable to produce material removal in contact with surfaces and have a high resistance to wear. Fields of application are manufacturing technologies, especially the precise machining of parts with smooth surface, the removal of hard materials and the wear protection (eg: in the case of brake discs). The investigation of abrasives is an interdisciplinary field in science where many research groups from all over the world work on. In this edited volume, different results from research in abrasives are compiled. The chapters contain several theoretical reflections and experimental analyses which contribute to understanding the mechanisms of material removal and wear protection with their influences and effects.