This book provides a review on the supply and demand projections and federal planning efforts in the U.S. health care workforce, which includes primary care practitioners; non-primary care specialty and subspecialty clinicians; the nursing workforce; health support occupations; health technologist and technician occupations; pharmacists; occupational therapy and physical therapy; vision occupations; respiratory therapists; chiropractors and podiatrists; dieticians and nutritionists; and psychologists. Furthermore, this book examines the Department of Health and Human Service's (HHS) planning efforts for ensuring an adequate supply and distribution of the nation’s health care workforce; the extent to which individual HHS health care workforce programs contribute to meeting national needs; and key components of the President’s 2015 Budget which proposes major new investments to build the health care workforce and improve the delivery of health care services, particularly primary care services, across the nation.