The tongue is a sensory-motor organ which is essential to deglutition, speech and generally to oral functions. Even a minor modification of the tongue leads to an alteration of oral functions. In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the anatomy, kinematics and diseases of the tongue. Topics discussed include tongue prosthesis after total glossectomy; the stereognostic ability of the tongue and its role in eating and swallowing; anatomy and vascularisation of the tongue based on vascular corrosion casting; histological changes in the tongue of patients with chronic Chagas' disease; atypical tongue pain from trigeminal neuralgia and metastatic diseases of the tongue.