The field of cognitive and behavioral neurology is rapidly changing. Almost daily discoveries deepen our understanding of various conditions affecting our cognitive function. Cognitive and behavioral neurology is becoming a very important integral part of the neurosciences. The amount of already available and newly discovered information is growing, and the management of it might sometimes seem overwhelming to healthcare providers and to those in training. It is paramount to gain solid knowledge in order to critically navigate through new discoveries. This book begins with an introduction to neuropathology of the most commonly encountered neurodegenerative conditions. The following chapter describes imaging biological marker studies of conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and Lewy body spectrum disorders. Further chapters describe the function and dysfunction of different cognitive domains. This book provides guidance to clinicians on how to approach progressive conditions in the clinic by evaluating cognitive domains affected, and understand which underlying pathology is more likely to cause it. That is the way practicing physicians approach it daily. Neurology and psychiatry residents, fellows, medical students and already practicing healthcare providers should find this book useful as an introduction to this exciting field of neurology.