Gluten-free diet (GFD) is the cornerstone treatment for celiac disease (CD). This condition is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disorder caused by a permanent intolerance to gluten proteins in genetically susceptible individuals. In these subjects, the consumption of gluten causes damage of the small intestinal mucosa characterized by a dense lymphocyte infiltration and villous atrophy, leading to malabsorption of both macro- and micronutrients. This book discusses food sources and the role of gluten-free diets in celiac disease. It also discusses the health benefits of consuming a gluten-free diet.