Optic nerve diseases is the second commonest cause of blindness world-wide. The diagnosis and clinical management of these conditions depends critically on accurate, reliable and sensitive methods of assessing damage to the optic nerve fibres. The techniques currently available include functional tests (such as visual perimetry, electro-diagnostic tests or evaluation of the pupillary light reflex (PLR)), and anatomical methods of assessing the optic disc or nerve fibre layer within the eye (such as optical coherence tomography or scanning laser polarimetry). This book presents new research on this field.