The field of ophthalmology has advanced considerably in the past several decades in terms of surgical and technical advancements, understanding the mechanism of diseases and treating conditions that were once considered untreatable. As is the case with so many other specialties in medicine, ophthalmology is guided by "evidence based medicine," based on the results of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). To put this powerful information in the hands of clinicians, this handbook was developed to provide a succinct yet comprehensive review of the most essential evidence-based medicine in ophthalmology. This essential text forms a framework for the evidence-based clinical practice of ophthalmic technicians, residents, academic and private practitioners of ophthalmology as well as researchers, optometrists and others. It also serves as a core review text for tests such as the OKAP and ophthalmology board exams, which emphasise knowledge based in the outcomes of major RCTs. This text covers the major research carried out in all of the subspecialties of ophthalmology including cornea, medical and surgical retina, glaucoma, oculoplastics, neuro-ophthalmology, and pediatric ophthalmology. Each chapter has been carefully edited by top academic faculty at the Duke University Eye Center, who have an intimate understanding of the essential knowledge contained within the current ophthalmic literature and have contributed commentary on the results. This book therefore is not only a convenient review of the vital knowledge in ophthalmology, but also provides a keen analysis by world experts of the most up-to-date research in their respective fields. In short, this book promises to change the way eye care professionals use RCTs in clinical practice by putting this powerful information conveniently in their hands.