This book is to date the first and only study on Pakistan's foreign policy and decision-making process. It discusses the hows and whys of its policy as it has developed from a domestic to an international view. Post 9/11 changes required a fundamental change in self image and world view that went beyond the act of becoming a US ally in Afghanistan, or abandoning the policy of supporting the Taliban. The main topic of the study is identification of those changes, their requirements and some basic proposals for additional changes. The book also traces the historical, international and domestic context of Pakistan's Post 9/11 Afghan Policy. It analyses the regional impact of that decision, the domestic debate that it generated, and concludes with identification and implications for changes in Pakistan that are required for the sustenance of its new policies.