Schizophrenia is a relatively common disease whose lifetime prevalence in the general population is reported to be about 1%. From the perspective of public health, the illness has been associated with serious consequences. Besides psychotic symptoms, schizophrenia is characterised by disturbances of cognitive function, which is considered to largely determine the outcome of patients. The neural and genetic substrates underlying its pathophysiology have not been fully demarcated, posing a challenge for the development of breakthrough therapeutics. This book provides key information about the latest endeavour to solve these difficulties characterising this enigmatic disease.