This book focuses on the newest information on metal ion contaminations and the influence of some of them in neurological diseases, a subject still not completely understood in the scientific literature so far. The book presents an extensive review on the aluminium forms of intoxication in humans and the role of this metal ion in human pathobiology by presenting live cases experienced in hospitals and discussing similar data; a review on the recent findings of the role of aluminium, zinc and copper in neurological disorders based on the chemical and bioinorganic aspects of these metal ions; a review on the genotoxic effects of the metal ions aluminium, iron and manganese either in vivo and in vitro results; information concerning arsenic and its structural effects on the human erythrocyte and some complementary model studies, and provides a study on coffee cultures in contaminated soils and its influence on human health.