In this compilation, the authors present progress in research concerning protection from organophosphates activity, as well as an overview of the methods for their removal from the environment and decontamination of contaminated persons. New developments in research on biosensors is also presented based on the enzyme (or bacteria)-functionalized nanostructures for organophosphorus pesticide detection. The closing study focuses on how the application of computational methods to the investigation of organophosphorous pesticides is a significant step towards a complete understanding of their behavior in any type of environment.