In this research compendium volume of Smart Nanocomposites, various aspects related to nanoscale-arranged systems are discussed. Synthesis, characterisation, modelling, and examples of practical usage are in the list of topics brought up in this book. In the discussion are unusual phase transition properties of some oxides, transport properties, electrochemical characterisation methods, and optical, electronic, and chemo-sorption properties of nanostructured systems synthesised by various approaches.