This book presents current research in the study of niobium including the role of niobium species in heterogeneous catalysis; the geochemistry of Nb and variations of Nb/Ta ration in geological systems; niobium distribution pattern in rare-metal-bearing Palaeoproterozoic co-genetic Felsic rocks and minerals; niobium oxalate complexes and the electrodeposition of niobium from molten salts.