This book presents current research on thin films and coatings. The mechanical properties of films and coatings, which are highly affected by their microstructure and their adhesion to substrates, are reviewed. Furthermore, electronic semiconductor devices and optical coatings, which are the main applications benefiting from thin film construction are looked at. This book discusses antimicrobial surface coatings as promising applications of advanced active food packaging systems. Ways in which they effectively control the microbial contamination of various foodstuffs are analysed. Research that has been done in the last decade using ultrasonic waves for coating surfaces is also examined. Finally, since coatings and films mechanical properties are highly affected by their microstructure, and their adhesion to substrates, this book includes research on interface microstructure and the important role that bond formation plays on coatings and films.