A geographic information system (GIS) is any system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages and presents data that are linked to locations. In the simplest terms, GIS is the merging of cartography, statistical analysis and database technology, and can be used in archaeology, geography, cartography, remote sensing, land surveying, public utility management and natural resource management. This new book presents topical research in the study of GIS, including GIS in the spatial decision making process; GIS for wide-range species conservation planning and forestry; GIS in rainwater harvesting, estimating the environmental effects on residential property and traffic-related environmental pollution in the GIS.