Wildfires in the western United States are burning hotter, more frequently, and causing an increasing and unprecedented amount of damage and destruction to the natural and built environment. Chapter 1 looks at existing federal assistance programs—including several at the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)—for state, local, tribal, and territorial governments and individual survivors impacted by wildfire. Chapter 2 examines wildfire management in the midst of the COVID–19 pandemic.