Bees are eusocial insects with highly successful cosmopolitan distribution. Honeybees contribute substantially to the worldwide healthy economy and food security as pollinators. On-going and well-documented declines and losses in managed honeybee colonies represent one of the current threats to insect crop pollination service. This book begins with a review on the genetic structure of dark European honey bee population in the Ural. Chapter two studies the use for feeding the honey bees by sugar syrup with ethanol extract from 15 medicinal plants. Chapter three focuses on three diseases causing enormous colony losses, and offers a wide range of management options mainly including organic acids, microbial metabolites, and bioactive phytochemicals derivate from plants. Chapter four examines findings on honeybee immunity. Chapter five describes the nutritional property of the honeybee larvae as foods or supplements and its medicinal property for some symptoms. Chapter six reviews the behavioral and physiological responses to the profitability of food sources in individual foragers and their consequences at a colony level. The last chapter examines the trends in categories of scholarly and professional journal articles written, and the likelihood of finding honeybee-related research articles.