Unmanned Aerial Vehicles presents concepts important to any individual endeavoring to use unmanned aerial vehicles in work or research for the first time. The capability of using unmanned aerial vehicles in performing atmospheric chemical measurements and in the design of sensor and sampling payloads is discussed, and a review of recent trends is provided. The authors explore the concept of a universal flight and navigation system for small and ultra-small unmanned aerial vehicles with open architecture both in hardware and software terms. The closing study details unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, its idiosyncrasies, and its applicability in the conservation of archaeological objects.