Chapter 1 looks at the planting techniques of barley noting that the bidirectional planting technique had a significant effect on growth and yield of barley. Chapter 2 provides information about the molecular approaches and mutation breeding in barley. Late spring frosts and drought are the most important abiotic stress factors that definite the yield and quality performance of spring barley genotypes in breeding programs. For this purpose, the authors of Chapter 3 used in their study a total of 25 spring barley genotypes, including 20 advanced line and 5 standard varieties. The next chapter looks at the composite of barley and the health effects it has. The last chapter, the author performs a study that investigates the effects of the short-term application (1 and 5 days) of arsenic, cadmium, and lead (15Î"M, 30Î"M, and 60Î"M mixtures) on the phenolic contents of a barley species that was registered by the Trakya Agricultural Research Institute in 2014.