Recycling or the processing of used or abandoned materials for use in creating new products must become key parts of the equation for the Earth's continued sustainable development. At the present time, most developed countries are massively wasteful throughout almost all sectors of the economy ranging from energy use to consumer lifestyles. One of the main obstacles to conservation and recycling of resources is the lack in most countries of national mindsets encouraging such practices as well as the infrastructures to support their carrying out. This book presents important research in this frontal field.