This is the second volume of works of Prof. Gennady Efremovich Zaikov and his colleagues dedicates to 75th anniversary of his birth. The first volume had the title "Progress in chemistry and biochemistry. Kinetics, thermodynamics, synthesis, properties and applications". Reviews and original works are devoted to different aspects of polymerisation (kinetics and mechanism), to preparation of nanocomposites on the basis of clays, to studying of their properties and searches of ways of their applications, oxidising processes, the new equipments for industrial applications, investigation of protein reactions, creation of new type of reactions, bioantioxidants, UV irradiation of biological molecules (erythrocytes, particularly), NMR- and ESR-spectroscopy, non-equilibrium phase transitions, chemistry of plastics and rubbers, photochemical reactions, preparation and characterisation of catalysts, industrial installations, cement-based polymer composites, utilisation of waste, diffusion properties, biodegradable films. Part of the research also deals with degradation and stabilisation of polymers. It is very important to prolong the time of reliable exploitation of polymeric products, but sometimes it is important to accelerate degradation of polymer (especially after the end of its period of exploitation). The experts consider that full degradation of one plastic bag will finish in 400 years (though nobody has witness it) after the beginning of operation. Aging of polymers depends on their stabilisation.