The described material is very important for the clinical and scientific transplantation, because it shows that the atrophy and functional depression of the transplanted kidney is caused not only by immune rejection, but also by non-specific factors of transplantation(denervation, warm ischemia). By means of evidence based reliable data the book confirms the necessity of an artificial surgical re-innervation and relevant hypothermia support of a transplanted kidney which ensures its full value and long-time function.