During infancy and pre-school age, movement is an integral part of human life. This book discusses the correlation between cognitive and motor functioning in pre-schoolers, as well as the motor performance differences between boys and girls. Additionally, oral health problems affect children's quality of life by impairing their physical and psychological and social functioning well-being. The main oral health related problem in pre-school children is associated with dental pain that may affect sleep, cause difficulty in eating and affect learning. This book explores how the mouth affects quality of life and the epidemiology of dental pain including the determinants of oral diseases. In addition, the authors review strategies to promote oral health in pre-school children. Other chapters show methods and techniques used for evaluation of lung function status in pre-school children. Those techniques are commonly used in pre-school age and make possible not only to help in diagnosis, but also in controlling and monitoring the disease progress or efficacy of the treatment.