Ecologically, a woodland is a low-density forest forming open habitats with plenty of sunlight and limited shade. Woodlands may support an understory of shrubs and herbaceous plants including grasses. Woodlands may form a transition to shrubland under drier conditions or during early stages of primary or secondary succession. This book presents research in the study of woodlands, including temporal and quantitative changes in the proportion of different land-use forms in the landscape of woodlands; butterfly communities in the woodland of Mount Fuji, Japan; experiences of the Caatinga and semiarid Mediterranean woodlands; ecology and management of natural and reforested Canary Island pine stands; and the ecological distribution of miombo woodlands productivity.