Policymakers are giving increased attention to issues associated with financing and investing in the nation's drinking water and wastewater treatment systems, which take in water, treat it and distribute it to households and other customers, and later collect, treat and discharge water after use. The renewed attention is due to a combination of factors which include financial impacts on communities of meeting existing and anticipated regulatory requirements, the need to repair and replace existing infrastructure, concerns about paying for security-related projects and proposals to stimulate U.S. economic activity by building and rebuilding the nation's infrastructure. This book identifies a number of issues that have received attention in connection with water infrastructure investment.