This book presents and discusses current research in the field of stem cell research, with a particular focus on both human mesenchymal and embryonic stem cells. Topics discussed include the effect of the n-terminal peptide of link protein on human mesenchymal stem cells from osteoarthritis patients; bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells; derivation of human embryonic stem cell lines; neuronal differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells; acute effect of endothelins on intercellular communication of human embryonic stem cells and commercialisation of human stem cells and stem cell-based products.