Grasslands, being one of most important ecosystems on earth, provide not only forage, livestock and fur, but also biodiversity and other ecosystem service functionalities. How to prevent grasslands from overgrazing, disertification, and other types of over-exploitation is a pressing issue. In recent years, grasslands have been dramatically changing as the changes of global climate and aggravation of human activities. Protection and reasonable use of grasslands are thus attracting more attention world-wide. This book provides researchers with diverse aspects of the latest advances in grasslands research. This book also covers a varied range of topics, for example, global biodiversity review, biotic interactions in the Rhizosphere, evaluation of soil quality, insect assemblages, orchard grass, soil microbial communities, grassland biodiversity management and soil nematodes.