Metals are naturally present in our environment and trace amounts of metals are essential micronutrients for the growth of many marine organisms. However, excessive amounts of heavy metal can be toxic to marine life. In this book, the authors gather topical research from around the globe in the study of heavy metal sediments. Topics discussed in this compilation include the distribution of heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons in soils near a petrochemical complex in China; heavy metals in coastal sea sediments of the eastern Adriatic Sea; environmental assessments of metal concentrations in select rivers, estuaries and coastal sediments; iron contamination in the Bizerte Lagoon of Tunisia and the correlation between millennial mining activities and heavy metal pollution in Spanish estuaries.