Research relating to the exercising child and adolescent has expanded considerably over the last decade or two. This accelerating volume of research output covers a wide range of topics with both an academic and practical focus. Such topics range from studies on the effect of physical activity interventions on sedentary behaviour in obese children to talent identification in young athletes. With such an array of cross disciplinary research being generated related to paediatric exercise science, there is a need for a periodic summarisation and reflection on the scope of information available. This book presents a range of literature reviews in the field of paediatric exercise science that provides a bridge between scientific practice and the paediatric exercise practitioner.