Anthropology has recently brought miner and mining towns into its main scope of study. However, anthropological works examining greenfield mines characterised by foreign capital, governments, and communities, particularly those located in the mineral dependent developing world, still lack a coherent framework. This book discusses tribal peoples' association with mining work and how it has emerged only very recently in modern ethnography of PNG. Although most of the discussions of the book are centred on PNG greenfield mines, they provide vital explanations and lessons on sometimes the neglected aspects anthropological dimension of mining and its impact in less developed countries.