Public health is now considering road safety as a major factor to improve morbidity and mortality but the health community is poorly educated regarding this issue. The World Health Organization dedicated the 2004 World Health Day to road safety. Since then, various campaigns around the world have been launched to reduce the number of traffic accidents and death, and several projects we initiated to improve traffic safety. Sleepiness at the wheel is an important cause of traffic accidents. This book discusses the causes and consequences of driver sleepiness in a systematic manner. Experts in the field of traffic safety and sleep research have contributed to this book.