This book presents a practically orientated survey of major problems of a clinical picture and therapeutic pitfalls in critically ill elderly patients from the point of view of a geriatrician. A growing number of patients of advanced age represent a highly heterogeneous group with very different health problems. For the ICU admitted elderly patients, there are valuable general pitfalls of modern medicine connected with: atomisation of medicine; absence of holistic approach and contemporary multi-morbidity when they belong to miscellaneous medical branches according to principal somatic diagnosis or seemingly nowhere.