Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrinopathy whose aetiology is still uncertain. It is estimated that 5-12% of the female population of childbearing age, amongst all races and nationalities, experience this problem. Nonetheless, the heterogeneous clinical and biochemical presentation, the overproduction of ovarian androgens leading to symptoms as hirsutism, acne, and anovulation, may be considered the hallmark of this syndrome. However, the symptoms and severity of this disorder vary greatly among affected women. This book presents current treatments and research regarding this particular syndrome.