This compilation presents original study results on the leading edge of neuroscience research. Each article has been carefully selected in an attempt to present substantial research results across a broad spectrum. Included in this volume is the contribution effects of the putamen to cognitive function; temporal lobe pathology in neurodegenerative disease; renin-angiotensin system modulation functions in CPu; diagnostic utility of measures of variability in patients suffering from traumatic brain injury; and the assessment of dopaminergic function in Parkinson's disease by SPECT/PET.