This yearbook presents important research in the field of cardiovascular research from around the world. Particular emphasis is placed on circadian medicine and its relationship to cardiovascular events as well as other new areas such as gene therapy in heart disease. This book begins with a piece dedicated to the former editor of Cardiology and head of that specialty at the Mayo Clinic, followed by a consensus directed by a board member of the World Health Organization (also a minister of health) with a university president.