This book adheres to strict scientific principles and is designed to explore the whole aspect of gallstone disease from the micro world of genetic profiles, basic metabolisms of bile lipids in cholesterol gallstone patients, to the macro world of clinical triple defects of gallstone patients. It is especially suitable for medical professionals: internists, surgeons, residents, nurses and medical students, and for collection by libraries. This book contains updates of recent breakthroughs and developments in the genetic factors affecting cholesterol gallstone formation including genes for ABCB11, ABCG5/G8, GPBAR1, OSTα/OSTβ, Megalin and Cubilin proteins. It also covers basic metabolisms of bile lipids in relation to stone formation, and some aspects of the epidemiology, classifications, chemical and crystallography of gallstones.