The thyroid gland is located in the neck deep to the platysma. This is a broad sheet of muscle that crosses over the clavicle to cover the antero-lateral neck. Its anterior fibres interlace with the opposite side, finding an attachment to the mandible and the dermis of the lower part of the face. The platymsa covers the sternocleidomastoid and the strap muscles of the neck: sternothyroid, sternohyoid and omohyoid. In order to maximize aesthetics after thyroidectomy, surgeons use a transverse collar incision through the skin and platysma. This book discusses the surgical procedures taken during a thyroidectomy, and also explores the potential complications involved. Postoperative outcomes are also discussed.